非谓语动词主要包含不定式、动名词和目前分词。为了区别这三种不一样的非谓语动词的使用方法和含义，大家将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语与一些特殊结构句型等角度来区别其使用方法和细微含义。
1.不定式和动名词作主语有什么区别
动名词作主语一般表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibitedhere.这里禁止吸烟。
It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体非常不好。
动名词作主语时，一般用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语一般用来表示一件没有完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山非常有趣。
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车让人厌烦。
不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语有什么区别
不定式作表语
1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，尤其是表示以后的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.||次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2)假如主语是不定式，表语也是不定式。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
3)假如主语是以aim， duty， hope， idea， happiness， job， plan， problem， purpose， thing， wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明用途。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的期望是在不远的以后买一辆豪华轿车。
The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.
The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant.
动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
Our work is serving the people.大家的工作是为人民服务。
His hobby is collecting stamps.他的喜好是集邮。
动名词作表语时与进行时态中的目前分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或状况。
People cannot but feel puzzled， for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected.
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（编辑：王美娇）
